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The cross could have become a symbol of shame for Christians: it brought
about the death of Jesus Christ. However, faith in the resurrection made the
cross a symbol of pride. The worst weapon of Jesus' enemies could not overpower
him. Through the cross, Jesus triumphs over death.
Pride in the cross soon turned to veneration of the cross. Since no record
from the time of the apostles indicates that the cross of Christ was preserved,
zealous Christians later searched for its remains. They had already honored the
general location of Calvary and the sepulcher, so new basilicas were built over
those sites under the reign of Constantine in the early fourth century. Around
this same time people believed they had identified relics of the cross of
Christ, and these diffused throughout the Christian world. John Calvin
sarcastically noted that if all the splinters of the cross were gathered
together, they would fill a ship — three hundred people could not carry the
cross which one person carried up to Calvary.
It is difficult to verify splinters of the true cross of Christ. However,
legend has it that in 322, Helena, the mother of Constantine, uncovered three
crosses in the excavations for the new basilicas in Jerusalem. She assumed them
to be the crosses of Jesus and the two wrongdoers. Macarius, the bishop of
Jerusalem, brought in a dying woman and had her touch the crosses. The third one
cured her, and that cross was proclaimed the cross of Christ. It became an
object of veneration in Jerusalem until it was stolen in the seventh century,
but Heraclius of Constantinople captured and returned it in 629, bringing it
into the city, where it was lifted up for all to venerate again. This þexaltationþ
of the holy cross gave us a feast day on September 14 every year.
Our current calendar changed its title from the Exaltation of the Holy Cross
to the Triumph of the Cross. It is still celebrated on September 14 to
commemorate both the victory of Christ and the dedication of the Basilica of the
Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem in 335. As a feast of Christ, when it falls on
Sunday it replaces the regular liturgy for ordinary time.
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This bulletin insert originally appeared in Ministry
& Liturgy, a pastoral planning resource used by the worship leaders
in your parish as an aid for better liturgy. Copyright © 2006, Resource
Publications, Inc. 160 E. Virginia St. #290, San Jose, CA 95112, (408)
286-8505. This article may not be reproduced in any form without permission
from the publisher. For permission e-mail
info@rpinet.com.
Paul
Turner, pastor of St. Munchin Parish in Cameron, MO, holds a doctorate
in sacramental theology from Sant' Anselmo University in Rome.
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